Jain Cosmology in Brief
Jain cosmology describes the universe as eternal, without beginning or end. It is divided into three realms—Urdhva Loka (upper world), Madhya Loka (middle world), and Adho Loka (lower world). Souls wander endlessly through these realms until they achieve moksha (liberation).
Time Cycles and the Role of Tirthankars
Jain philosophy divides time into infinite cycles of Utsarpini (ascending) and Avasarpini (descending). In each half-cycle, 24 Tirthankars are born to guide humanity. Sumatinath Swami is the fifth Tirthankar of the current Avasarpini era, a vital link in this divine chain.
Sumatinath’s Cosmic Mission
As a Tirthankar, Sumatinath’s role was not limited to teaching but to establishing a tirtha (ford)—a spiritual crossing that allows souls to move from ignorance toward liberation. His presence in the cosmic timeline signifies divine intervention at a critical point in human history.
Symbolism in Jain Universe
His symbol, the hamsa (goose), fits into Jain cosmology as a reminder of the soul’s ability to rise above worldly attachments—just as liberated souls ascend to the Siddhashila (abode of liberated beings) at the top of the universe.
Enlightenment and Kevala Jnana
By attaining Kevala Jnana (omniscience), Sumatinath rose above the bondage of karma. Jain cosmology positions such beings as guides who illuminate the path for countless other souls, ensuring the continuity of dharma in the cosmic order.
Cosmic Relevance for Devotees
For followers, connecting Sumatinath with Jain cosmology creates a deeper understanding: his life was not an isolated event, but part of a grand eternal cycle designed to guide humanity toward moksha.